Matsalolin muhallin da rashin zubar da robobin da ba su dace ba ke haifarwa sun zama ruwan dare gama gari, kuma sun zama batun da ya fi daukar hankalin duniya. Idan aka kwatanta da robobi na yau da kullun, babban fasalin robobin da ba za a iya lalata su ba shine cewa za a iya lalata su cikin sauri zuwa ruwa mara lahani da carbon dioxide a ƙarƙashin yanayin muhalli na halitta ko yanayin takin, kuma ana iya amfani da su azaman kayan maye gurbin filastik da ba a sake yin amfani da su ba kuma mai saurin gurɓatawa. samfurori, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga inganta yanayin muhalli da inganta yanayin rayuwa.
A halin yanzu, yawancin samfuran da ke kasuwa ana buga su ko kuma aka yi musu lakabi da "degradable", "biodegradable", kuma a yau za mu dauke ku don fahimtar lakabi da takaddun shaida na robobi.
Takin Masana'antu
1.Japan BioPlastics Association
Tsohuwar Ƙwararrun Filastik ta Biodegradable, Japan (BPS) ta canza suna zuwa Japan BioPlastics Association (JBPA) a kan 15th na Yuni 2007. Japan BioPlastics Association (JBPA) An kafa a 1989 Japan a matsayin sunan Biodegradable Plastics Society, Japan (BPS). Tun daga wannan lokacin, tare da kamfanoni fiye da 200 na mambobi, JBPA tana ƙoƙari da yawa don inganta ƙwarewa da bunƙasa kasuwanci na "Plastics Biodegradable" da "Plastics na tushen Biomass" a Japan. JBPA tana kiyaye tushen haɗin gwiwa tare da Amurka (BPI), EU (Turai Bioplastics), Sin (BMG) da Koriya kuma ta ci gaba da tattaunawa tare da su game da abubuwa daban-daban na fasaha, kamar hanyar Analytical don kimanta haɓakar halittu, ƙayyadaddun samfuran, fitarwa. da tsarin lakabi da sauransu. Muna tsammanin kusancin sadarwa tsakanin yankin Asiya shine mafi mahimmanci musamman mai alaƙa da ayyukan ci gaba cikin sauri a waɗannan yankuna.
2.Biodegradable Product Institute
BPI ita ce babbar hukuma akan samfuran takin zamani da marufi a Arewacin Amurka. Duk samfuran da BPI suka tabbatar sun cika ka'idodin ASTM don takin zamani, suna ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan cancanta game da alaƙa da tarkacen abinci da gyaran yadi, sun cika iyaka don jimlar fluorine (PFAS), kuma dole ne su nuna Alamar Takaddar BPI. Shirin ba da takaddun shaida na BPI yana aiki tare da ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce na ilimi da bayar da shawarwari da aka ƙera don taimakawa wajen kiyaye tarar abinci da sauran abubuwan halitta daga wuraren da ake zubarwa.
An shirya BPI a matsayin ƙungiyar sa-kai na memba, Hukumar Gudanarwa ce ke tafiyar da ita, kuma ƙwararrun ma'aikatan da ke aiki a ofisoshin gida a duk faɗin Amurka ke sarrafa su.
3.Deutsches Institut für Normung
DIN ita ce ikon daidaitawa da Gwamnatin Tarayya ta Jamus ta amince da ita kuma tana wakiltar Jamus a cikin ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu na yanki da na kasa da kasa waɗanda ke haɓaka da buga ƙa'idodin Jamusanci da sauran sakamakon daidaitawa da haɓaka aikace-aikacen su. Ka'idojin da DIN suka kirkira sun shafi kusan kowane fanni kamar injiniyan gine-gine, hakar ma'adinai, karafa, masana'antar sinadarai, injiniyan lantarki, fasahar aminci, kare muhalli, kiwon lafiya, kariyar wuta, sufuri, kula da gida da sauransu. A ƙarshen 1998, an ƙirƙira da fitar da ma'auni 25,000, tare da haɓaka ƙa'idodi 1,500 kowace shekara. Fiye da kashi 80% na su kasashen Turai ne suka karbe su.
Din diyya ya shiga cikin kungiyar ta duniya a cikin 1951. Hukumar lantarki na Jamusanci (DKE), wanda aka kafa ta hanyar Din Injiniyan lantarki (VDE), tana wakiltar Jamus a cikin Hukumar lantarki ta Duniya. DIN kuma shine kwamitin Turai don daidaitawa da ka'idojin lantarki na Turai.
4.Turai Bioplastics
Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN) da European Bioplastics (EUBP) sun ƙaddamar da tsarin ba da takaddun shaida don abubuwan da ba za a iya lalata su ba, wanda aka fi sani da takaddun shaida ta Seedling. Takaddun shaida ya dogara ne akan ka'idodin EN 13432 da ASTM D6400 don kayan kamar albarkatun ƙasa, ƙari da tsaka-tsaki ta hanyar rajistar kimantawa, da samfuran ta hanyar takaddun shaida. Kayayyaki da samfuran da aka yi rajista da ƙwararrun za su iya karɓar alamun takaddun shaida.
5.The Australasia Bioplastics Association
An sadaukar da ABA don haɓaka robobi waɗanda ke da takin zamani kuma bisa tushen albarkatu masu sabuntawa.
ABA tana gudanar da tsarin tabbatarwa na son rai, ga kamfanoni ko daidaikun mutane da ke son a tabbatar da iƙirarinsu na bin ƙa'idar Australiya ta 4736-2006, robobi na biodegradable - "Plastics na biodegradable wanda ya dace da takin zamani da sauran magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta" ( Standard Australiya AS 4736-2006) .
ABA ta ƙaddamar da shirinta na tabbatarwa ga kamfanonin da ke son tabbatar da yarda da ƙa'idar takin Australiya ta Gida, AS 5810-2010, "robobin da za a iya amfani da su don takin gida" (Australian Standard AS 5810-2010).
Ƙungiyar tana aiki a matsayin cibiyar sadarwa don kafofin watsa labaru, gwamnati, ƙungiyoyin muhalli da jama'a, kan batutuwan da suka shafi bioplastics.
OK takin INDUSTRIAL ya dace da samfuran da za a iya lalata su da ake amfani da su a wuraren masana'antu kamar manyan wuraren da ake yin takin zamani. Alamar tana buƙatar samfuran su ruɓe aƙalla kashi 90 cikin ɗari a cikin makonni 12 a ƙarƙashin yanayin takin masana'antu.
Ya kamata a lura da cewa duk da cewa OK takin HOME da OK takin masana'antu duka suna nuna cewa samfurin yana da lalacewa, iyakokin aikace-aikacen su da daidaitattun buƙatun sun bambanta, don haka samfurin ya zaɓi alamar da ta dace da ainihin yanayin amfani da buƙatun takaddun shaida. . Bugu da kari, yana da kyau a ambata cewa waɗannan alamomi guda biyu sune kawai takaddun shaida na aikin da ba za a iya ɗauka na samfurin da kansa ba, kuma ba sa wakiltar fitar da gurɓataccen abu ko wasu ayyukan muhalli na samfurin, don haka ya zama dole a yi la'akari da yanayin muhalli gabaɗaya. tasirin samfurin da magani mai ma'ana.
Takin Gida
1.TUV AUSTRIA OK Takin
OK takin HOME ya dace da samfuran da za a iya lalata su da ake amfani da su a cikin gida, kamar kayan yankan da za a iya zubarwa, buhunan shara, da sauransu. Alamar tana buƙatar samfuran su ruɓe aƙalla kashi 90 cikin 100 a cikin watanni shida a ƙarƙashin yanayin takin gida.
2.The Australasia Bioplastics Association
Idan filastik yana da lakabin Takin Gida, to yana iya shiga cikin kwandon takin gida.
Kayayyaki, jakunkuna da marufi waɗanda suka dace da Tsarin Takin Gida na Australiya AS 5810-2010 kuma ƙungiyar Bioplastics ta Australiya ta tabbatar ana iya amincewa da tambarin Takin Gida na ABA.Standarda'idar Australiya AS 5810-2010 ta ƙunshi kamfanoni da daidaikun mutane waɗanda ke son tabbatar da da'awarsu ta yarda da Filastik ɗin Biodegradable wanda ya dace da takin gida.
Tambarin Takin Gida yana tabbatar da cewa waɗannan samfurori da kayan ana iya gane su cikin sauƙi kuma sharar abinci ko sharar kayan abinci da ke ƙunshe a cikin waɗannan samfuran ƙwararrun za a iya raba su cikin sauƙi da karkatar da su daga wuraren shara.
3.Deutsches Institut für Normung
Tushen gwaje-gwajen DIN shine ma'auni na NF T51-800 "Plastics - Ƙayyadaddun takaddun robobi na gida". Idan samfurin ya sami nasarar wuce gwaje-gwajen da suka dace, mutane na iya amfani da alamar "DIN Gwajin - Lambun Tari" akan samfuran da suka dace da kuma a cikin sadarwar ku. , Din Certco ya yi hadin gwiwa tare da kungiyar Bioplasian Bioplastics na Australaase (Aba) da tsarin Takaddun shaida, Dincipaukaci a cikin kasuwar da aka sabunta takaita (ainihin) da kuma tsarin ba da izini ga NF T 51-800 da kuma 5810.
A sama akwai taƙaitaccen gabatarwa ga kowane tambarin takaddun shaida na biodegradation.
Idan akwai wata matsala, da fatan za a tuntuɓe mu.
Feel free to discuss with William: williamchan@yitolibrary.com
Packaging Biodegradable - HuiZhou YITO Packaging Co., Ltd.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-28-2023